Paramedic National Registry Practice

What is a critical sign of heat stroke in a patient?

1. Diaphoresis

2. Hypoactivity

3. Hot, dry skin

4. Low blood pressure

The correct answer is: Hot, dry skin

A critical sign of heat stroke in a patient is hot, dry skin. This condition occurs when the body fails to regulate its temperature due to extreme heat, excessive exposure to high temperatures, or strenuous physical activity in hot weather. In heat stroke, the body's thermoregulatory mechanisms become overwhelmed, leading to an elevated core temperature that can reach 104°F (40°C) or higher. Unlike conditions such as heat exhaustion, where sweating is still present (known as diaphoresis), individuals experiencing heat stroke often have a cessation of sweating due to severe dehydration and dysfunction of the hypothalamus. This results in the skin feeling hot and dry to the touch, indicating the body's inability to cool itself through perspiration. Understanding this symptom is crucial, as it highlights the severity of the condition and the urgent need for immediate medical intervention to prevent further complications, including organ damage or death.